History Islam

History of Islam

The history of Islam is as old as mankind on earth It begin with the name of Hazrat Adam and Bibi Hawa than many from his off springs spread Islam but the rise of Islam begun with the birth of Hazrat Muhammad, a prophet who changed the history and destiny of Arabia. He was born about 570 to the Banu Hashim family of Quraish in Mecca. He was a trader and worked for Bibi Khatija with whom he married afterwards, the widow of a rich merchant, somewhat older than himself. At age 40 Hazrat Mohammed had his first vision in the year 610 AD. He was in a cave of Hera. He went to Khatija and told her about the event and started ‎preaching a new religion, eventually meeting the opposition of Mecca ‎Initially he converts ‎Khatija, Ali and Abu Bakr into Muslims and than the whole Arab.

The Quraish then made life even more difficult for the Prophet by implementing total ban on contact with the Prophet’s family (Bani Hashim and Muttalib). The ban lasted for three years without the desired effect. From about 620, ‎Mecca became actively hostile after the death of Khatija in 621; Hazrat Muhammad married eleven other women. ‎Tradition relates that he and his followers were invited to the town of Madina after they were no longer welcome in Mecca. In 622, the ‎first year of the Muslim calendar, they set out on the Hijra, the emigration Medina, meaning where Hazrat Muhammad concluded a treaty with ‎the tribes of Medina. A large number of Medinans, known as the Ansar (helpers), ‎were attracted to Hazrat Muhammad’s cause and than the direction of prayer was turned to Mecca. ‎

In 624 Hazrat Muhamed learned of a war party of the Quraysh, who were setting out to ‎Medina to avenge the apparenly accidental death of one Hadrami, a relative of the ‎leader of the Quraysh. Hazrat Muhamed and his army, aided by the ansar auxiliaries, rode ‎out to meet them at Badr. This battle, related in the Quran, is often called the first ‎battle of Islam. Despite the ‎numerical superiority of the Qurayshites, the Battle of Badr was apparently a clear ‎victory for Hazrat Muhamed. The Quraysh lost about 70 warriors and leaders and 70 ‎captured.

The Qurayshites prepared better for the battle of Uhud, fought in the following year. ‎They gathered a force of some 3,000 men, including a strong cavalry contingent led ‎by Khalid Ibn Walid, later a famous general of Islam. The battle was fought in Medina in the Mount Uhud. Though the Muslims ‎had the initial advantage, they fell to looting the camp of the Meccans and ‎abandoned a good archery position in the high ground. This allowed Khalid ibn Walid ‎to save the day for the Qurayshites and inflict heavy losses on the Muslims. Tradition ‎relates that the Muslims lost 70 men in this battle. Uhud is often called the second ‎battle of Islam, because it is the second battle referred to in the Quran, or perhaps ‎because it was the second Ghazwa.

In 628, Muhammad and his followers set out on a pilgrimage to Mecca, and met the ‎Quraysh tribe at Hudaybiyeh, where the Quraysh had assembled to block the ‎pilgrimage. Instead of fighting, the enemies concluded a treaty and the Muslims ‎agreed not to make the pilgrimage that year. Instead, they turned on the Jews of the ‎town of Khaybar, who were now no longer protected by the Quraysh, and attacked ‎and subjugated the city.

By 630, Hazrat Muhammad and the Muslims were strong enough to ‎attack and conquer Mecca, despite the treaty, alleging that the Quraysh had violated ‎the treaty first. By this time pagan Arabia had been converted, and the Prophet's ‎missionaries, or legates, were active in the Eastern Empire, in Persia, and in ‎Ethiopia.‎

The city submits to Hazrat Mohammed and his warriors and accepts him as prophet. Mohammed goes to the Kaba and destroys the 360 idols in the structure. From Mecca, the “Muslims” wage Jihad on the surrounding cities forcing them to accept Islam as their religion and Mohammed as their prophet.

Mohammed made his final Hajj in 632 and died unexpectedly 3 months later in June. Hazrat Abu Bakr received the title “Caliph” Their was a struggle for about who would succeed Mohammad, some felt Ali the husband of Fatima, Mohammed’s daughter deserved the position. Under Hazrat Abu Bakr Islam’s power in Arabian Peninsula was completed. In 634 AD Hazrat Abu Bakr died and was succeeded by Hazrat Umar the 2nd Caliphate. Hazrat Umar advanced the Muslim armies against Syria and Palestine. In 637 A D, the armies of Byzantium lost control of Jerusalem to Islam. Hazrat Usman the 3rd Caliph succeeded Hazrat Umar. Hazrat Usman ordered a complete revision of the Quran, He was killed and his death was considered justified because the mutineers claimed he ceased to be a Muslim. Hazrat Ali the 4th and last Caliph.

From than until now Islam is progressing daily and conquers many hearts of people by practicing the Islamic prescriptions on every walk of life.